1799 Edward Jenner's smallpox vaccination was introduced. Supported colleagues and the King, Parliament awarded a grant of £10,000 for his work on vaccination
1807 Streets in London were first illuminated by gaslight when Pall Mall was lit up.
1925 The birth of the comedian Benny Hill, in Southampton, Hampshire.
1950 The British writer George Orwell died after a three year battle against tuberculosis. His books included 1984 and Animal Farm.
1966 The Monte Carlo rally ended in uproar over the disqualification of the British cars expected to fill the first four places. They were all ruled out of the prizes, along with six other British cars, for alleged infringements of regulations about the way their headlights dipped.
1966 'Beatle', George Harrison, married Patti Boyd who he met in the film 'A Hard Day's Night'.
1976 The first Concorde jets carrying commercial passengers simultaneously took off, at 11:40 a.m. from Heathrow Airport and Orly Airport outside Paris. Nearly 3 hours was knocked off the normal flying time to Bahrain by the British Concorde but the Air France Concorde arrived 38 minutes late.
2008 Black Monday on the world's stock markets saw the FTSE 100 have its biggest ever one-day fall.