3rd October

[chenrezig]

1283 Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Prince of Gwynedd and the last independent ruler of Wales, became the first nobleman to be executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered; for plotting the death of King Edward I. Dafydd was dragged through the streets of Shrewsbury attached to a horse's tail then hanged alive, revived, then disembowelled and his entrails burned before him before being cut into four quarters.

1691 The Treaty of Limerick was signed, ending the Irish Rebellion against English rule.

1712 The Duke of Montrose issued a warrant for the arrest of Rob Roy MacGregor, the famous Scottish folk hero and outlaw of the early 18th century. He was later imprisoned, finally pardoned in 1727 , died in 1734 and is buried in Balquhidder churchyard.

1811 The first recorded women's county cricket match - between Hampshire and Surrey at Newington.

1844 Sir Patrick Manson, Scottish doctor, was born in Aberdeenshire. He was known as 'Mosquito Manson' from his pioneer work with Sir Ronald Ross in malaria research.

1896 William Morris, English craftsman, poet and painter, died.

1906 SOS became the international distress signal, replacing the call sign CDQ, sometimes explained as ‘Come Damn Quick!’

1916 The birth, in Sunderland, of James Alfred Wight (James Herriot ), vet and author of 'All Creatures Great & Small'. His surgery (see picture) was in Thirsk, North Yorkshire.

1929 The Church of Scotland merged with the United Free Church of Scotland, retaining the name Church of Scotland.

1932 Iraq gained independence from Britain. In 1958, the monarchy was overthrown and the Republic of Iraq was created.

1940 Former British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain resigned from Winston Churchill's coalition Government.

1952 Britain's first atomic bomb was detonated on the Monte Bello Islands, off W. Australia.

1952 News of the end of tea rationing meant the prospect of unlimited 'cuppas' for the first time in 12 years.

1956 The Bolshoi Ballet performed in Britain, at Covent Garden, for the first time.

1959 Postcodes were introduced in Britain.

1961 The Queen made Tony Armstrong-Jones, (Princess Margaret’s husband), an Earl, Lord Snowdon.

1967 Sir Malcolm Sargent, British music conductor died.

1967 The first conservation area was established, at Stamford in Lincolnshire.

1991 Sir Allan Green, QC and British Director of Public Prosecutions resigned after being stopped by police for alleged kerb crawling. The couple later separated, on the eve of their silver wedding anniversary and Lady Eva Green, (47) committed suicide in January 1993.

2013 The cost of a National Lottery Lotto ticket doubled to £2. The rise is the first since the lottery started in 1994. Prizes for matching three numbers will rise from £10 to £25. Average jackpots were predicted to rise to around £5m on Saturdays and £2.5m on Wednesdays.

[Rosalind]

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[annie]

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